{"id":3886,"date":"2021-04-27T14:16:42","date_gmt":"2021-04-27T14:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wldsteel.com\/?p=3886"},"modified":"2025-02-24T08:20:53","modified_gmt":"2025-02-24T08:20:53","slug":"the-commonly-used-material-for-condenser-tubes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wldsteel.com\/fr\/le-materiau-couramment-utilise-pour-les-tubes-de-condensateur\/","title":{"rendered":"Mat\u00e9riau couramment utilis\u00e9 pour les tubes de condenseur"},"content":{"rendered":"

The condenser is important auxiliary equipment in the thermal generator set. The condenser is generally composed of neck, casing, water chamber, tube bundle, tube plate, support rod, steam baffle, air cooling area, hot well and other parts, which is the key equipment to determine and affect the load and thermal efficiency of a steam turbine. The heat exchange tube, as the main heat transfer component of the condenser, is the key component of the condenser. With the increase of suspended solids, chloride ions and sulfur ions in the cooling circulating water, there is a higher requirement for a condenser cooling pipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Condenser heat exchanger pipe should have excellent heat transfer performance, good corrosion resistance, erosion resistance and wear resistance, but also should have good strength and stiffness,\u00a0as well as economic and good processing performance.\u00a0The materials\u00a0of condenser heat exchange pipe are mainly copper alloy pipe, Austenitic stainless steel pipe, Ferrite stainless steel pipe, Duplex\u00a0stainless steel pipe, titanium and titanium alloy pipe<\/a>. The copper alloy pipe mainly includes military\u00a0brass pipe (C26800), tin-brass pipe, aluminum-brass pipe, nickel-copper pipe, etc.\u00a0Stainless steel grades mainly include\u00a0Austenitic stainless steel tube TP304, TP316L, TP317L and Ferrite stainless steel grades TP439, TP439L, and duplex stainless steel tube 2205, 2507, titanium and titanium alloy tube mainly includes GR1, GR2, GR5, etc..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mat\u00e9riaux des tuyaux<\/td>Pour<\/td>Cons<\/td><\/tr>
Tubes en cuivre<\/td>Bonne performance de transformation, prix mod\u00e9r\u00e9<\/td>Faible tol\u00e9rance \u00e0 la qualit\u00e9 complexe de l'eau, faible r\u00e9sistance, rigidit\u00e9, aptitude au soudage. <\/td><\/tr>
Acier inoxydable aust\u00e9nitique<\/td>Excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l'\u00e9rosion, bonne r\u00e9sistance, plasticit\u00e9, usinabilit\u00e9 et soudabilit\u00e9<\/td>L'acier inoxydable aust\u00e9nitique Cr-Ni pr\u00e9sente une faible r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion par les ions chlorure.<\/td><\/tr>
Ferrite Acier inoxydable<\/td>Conductivit\u00e9 thermique \u00e9lev\u00e9e, faible coefficient de dilatation, bonne r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l'oxydation et \u00e0 la corrosion sous contrainte, insensible aux ions chlorure.<\/td>Faibles plasticit\u00e9 et t\u00e9nacit\u00e9, en particulier apr\u00e8s l'emboutissage et d'autres d\u00e9formations importantes du traitement \u00e0 froid, le soudage et d'autres traitements \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature, plasticit\u00e9 et r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion consid\u00e9rablement r\u00e9duites.<\/td><\/tr>
Acier inoxydable Dupex<\/td>Excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion, propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques compl\u00e8tes, propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de soudage, conductivit\u00e9 thermique \u00e9lev\u00e9e.<\/td>La transformation est difficile et le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/td><\/tr>
Tubes en titane<\/td>Excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion, faible densit\u00e9, poids l\u00e9ger, bonnes performances globales.<\/td>Co\u00fbteux <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Avantages et inconv\u00e9nients des diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux utilis\u00e9s pour les tubes des condenseurs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Different materials of the heat exchange pipe because of its own characteristics and cost factors, its application scope and working conditions are not the same. The corrosion in the Condenser is always an important problem in boiler accidents in power plants. The condensers of power plants in offshore areas generally use Cu-Zn tubes and Cu-Ni alloy tubes. The corrosion resistance of the latter is better than that of the former, because the thermodynamic stability of Ni is close to that of Cu, and the nanoscale compact and stable surface film will be generated on the surface in water or air. Therefore, the Cu-Ni tube in high saltwater (or seawater) and dilute acid, alkali medium is not easy to corrosion. But once there is an attachment on the surface of the copper tube, pitting will occur. Pitting corrosion is autocatalytic and latent, which will bring great damage. The condenser tube blockage and leakage frequently occur in the offshore area due to seawater backfilling, corrosion, dirt and other reasons. Yongxiang operates the generator set. Why is the brass condenser tube so easy to corrode? It depends on the type of corrosion. The corrosion of copper alloy condenser tube is affected by many factors, and the corrosion types are various, mainly including the following items:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corrosion s\u00e9lective<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le tube de cuivre du condenseur \u00e9tant principalement compos\u00e9 d'un alliage de cuivre et de zinc, le potentiel du zinc est inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui du cuivre, de sorte que le zinc devient facilement l'anode d'une batterie corrod\u00e9e, de sorte que le zinc se dissout s\u00e9lectivement pour corroder le tube de cuivre. La th\u00e9orie et la pratique montrent que le processus de corrosion du tube de cuivre est \u00e9troitement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la performance du film protecteur \u00e0 la surface du tube de cuivre. Si le film protecteur initial dense n'est pas form\u00e9, la corrosion du tube de cuivre est plus susceptible de se produire. S'il n'y a pas de traitement de rev\u00eatement initial de FeSO4 sur le tube de cuivre du condenseur, il est \u00e9galement facile d'entra\u00eener une corrosion locale par d\u00e9zincification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corrosion de l'\u00e9lectrocouple<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coupling corrosion may occur when two different metal materials come into direct contact in a corrosive medium. In the condenser, the copper alloy condenser tube material is different from the carbon steel tube sheet material in the cooling water potential, there is the possibility of galvanic corrosion between them. The potential of the condenser copper tube is higher than that of the tube plate, which will accelerate the corrosion of the tube plate. But because the thickness of the carbon steel tube plate is larger, generally 25~40mm, the galvanic corrosion won\u2019t affect the safe use in clean freshwater, but in the environment with a high salt concentration of water galvanic corrosion is more likely to occur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corrosion par piq\u00fbres<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette corrosion est susceptible de se produire \u00e0 la surface de la rupture du film protecteur du tube de cuivre. Parce que l'eau de refroidissement contient du Cl et de l'oxydation de Cu g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par Cu+ pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du CuCl instable, peut \u00eatre hydrolys\u00e9e en Cu2O stable, et rendre la solution locale d'acidification de la corrosion de l'\u00e9quipement thermique. Si le tube en cuivre du condenseur n'est pas nettoy\u00e9 \u00e0 temps, les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de surface in\u00e9gaux favorisent la corrosion et conduisent finalement \u00e0 une perforation par corrosion ponctuelle. Dans le fonctionnement du tube de cuivre du condenseur, les arr\u00eats et d\u00e9marrages fr\u00e9quents, les changements de charge sont plus importants, l'impact de la vapeur d'\u00e9chappement de la turbine \u00e0 grande vitesse, le r\u00f4le du tube de cuivre par la contrainte altern\u00e9e, facile \u00e0 faire rompre la membrane de la surface du laiton, produire une corrosion locale, la formation de piq\u00fbres de corrosion, r\u00e9duire la limite de fatigue du mat\u00e9riau, et parce que la concentration de contrainte \u00e0 la corrosion, le fond de piq\u00fbre est facile \u00e0 fissurer, sous l'\u00e9rosion de NH3, O2 et CO2 dans l'eau, la fracture est progressivement \u00e9largie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erosion corrosion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This type of corrosion can occur on both the waterside and the steam side, mainly in the waterside. Suspended solids, sand and other solid granular hard objects in circulating cooling water impact and friction on the copper tube at the inlet end of the condenser. After a long time of operation, the inner wall of the front section of the copper tube at the inlet end is rough. Although there is no obvious corrosion pit, the surface is rough, the brass matrix is exposed and the copper tube wall becomes thin. The anodic process of erosion and corrosion can be said to be the dissolution of copper, and the cathodic process is the reduction of O2. The high flow rate will hinder the formation of stable protective film, is also the cause of erosion-corrosion, the general flow rate is not more than 2m\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corrosion du NH3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L'exc\u00e8s de NH3 p\u00e9n\u00e8tre dans le condenseur avec la vapeur et se concentre localement dans le condenseur. Si l'O2 est pr\u00e9sent en m\u00eame temps, l'\u00e9rosion du NH3 se produira du c\u00f4t\u00e9 vapeur du tube de cuivre dans cette zone. Elle se caract\u00e9rise par un amincissement uniforme de la paroi du tube, et l'\u00e9rosion par le NH3 est facile \u00e0 provoquer lorsque la teneur en ammoniac de l'eau atteint 300 mg\/L. Le condensat au niveau du trou du d\u00e9flecteur est trop froid et la concentration d'ammoniac dissous augmente, ce qui provoque \u00e9galement l'\u00e9rosion de la bande annulaire par l'ammoniac dans le tube de cuivre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fissuration par corrosion sous contrainte<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

When the condenser copper tube is not installed properly, vibration and alternating stress will occur in the operation of the copper tube surface to destroy the protective film and corrosion, finally, produce transverse crack to break the copper tube. This is mainly due to the relative displacement of grains inside the copper tube under the action of alternating stress, and the formation of anodic dissolution in the corrosive medium, mostly occurring in the middle of the copper tube.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corrosion microbienne<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Microorganisms can change the medium environment in local areas of the condenser wall and cause local corrosion. The electrochemical corrosion process of metal in cooling water is promoted by the biological activity of microorganisms, which generally occurs on the carbon steel tube plate at the inlet side of the condenser. Cooling water often contains bacteria that thrive on Fe2+ and O2, called iron bacteria, which form brown slime. The anoxic conditions at the bottom of the slime provided a suitable environment for the survival of anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria. The combined action of iron bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria promotes metal corrosion. Operating temperature on the high side, the corrosion scale inhibitor and water quality and operating temperature are not appropriate, inadequate dosage or concentration fluctuations in the scale, will cause the condenser tube wall local Cl – easy through scale layer, caused the corrosion of the metal matrix, and the corrosion of metal ion hydrolysis, leading to higher medium H + concentration of algae and microbial activities also cause increased acidity of medium, The passivation film on the metal surface is destroyed and the metal matrix is further corroded.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The condenser is important auxiliary equipment in the thermal generator set. The condenser is generally composed of neck, casing, water chamber, tube bundle, tube plate, support rod, steam baffle, air cooling area, hot well and other parts, which is the key equipment to determine and affect the load and thermal efficiency of a steam turbine. The heat […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe commonly used material for condenser tubes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The materials of condenser heat exchange pipe are mainly copper alloy pipe, Austenitic stainless steel pipe, Ferrite stainless steel pipe, Duplex stainless steel pipe, titanium and titanium alloy pipe.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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